# Nuclide record estimand (term). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from Nuclide (nuclide.cc)". Whole corpus: https://nuclide.cc/api/v1/nuclide.nt
@prefix schema: <https://schema.org/> .
@prefix nuclide: <https://nuclide.cc/ns#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

<https://nuclide.cc/terms/estimand/>
  a schema:DefinedTerm ;
  nuclide:kind "term" ;
  schema:identifier "estimand" ;
  schema:name "Estimands and intercurrent events (ICH E9(R1))"@en ;
  schema:alternateName "estimand"@en, "estimands"@en, "estimand framework"@en, "ICH E9(R1)"@en, "E9(R1)"@en, "intercurrent event"@en, "intercurrent events"@en, "treatment policy strategy"@en, "treatment policy estimand"@en, "hypothetical strategy"@en, "hypothetical estimand"@en, "composite strategy"@en, "while on treatment strategy"@en, "principal stratum"@en, "principal stratum strategy"@en, "sensitivity analysis"@en, "sensitivity analyses"@en, "missing data"@en, "missing data handling"@en, "handling of missing data"@en, "discontinued treatment"@en, "treatment discontinuation"@en, "rescue medication"@en, "subsequent anticancer therapy"@en, "what the trial is estimating"@en ;
  schema:description "An estimand is a precise statement of what question a trial is answering, including what to do about patients who switch treatment, stop early or start another drug; the ICH E9(R1) framework makes trials write this down before they start."@en ;
  schema:url <https://nuclide.cc/terms/estimand/> ;
  schema:dateModified "2026-09-17"^^xsd:date ;
  schema:sameAs <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estimand> ;
  schema:citation <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estimand>, <https://www.ich.org/page/efficacy-guidelines> ;
  nuclide:related <https://nuclide.cc/terms/crossover/> ;
  nuclide:trials <https://nuclide.cc/trials/vision/>, <https://nuclide.cc/trials/psmafore/> .