{"entity":{"id":"prostate","kind":"indication","name":"Prostate cancer","aka":[],"tldr":"Prostate cancer is the home of theranostics: PSMA PET finds it, PSMA radioligands treat it. Hormonal therapy remains the foundation, with PARP and AKT inhibitors added by genotype.","summary":"Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in most high-income countries and a spectrum: most PSA-detected disease is indolent and safely watched (ProtecT: ~3% prostate-cancer mortality at 15 years whatever the strategy), while de novo metastatic disease, treated with hormonal doublets and triplets and since 2026 with radioligand therapy added, still has a median survival of about five years, which makes it the second most common cause of cancer death in men. Diagnosis now runs PSA → multiparametric MRI (PRECISION) → targeted biopsy → Grade Group, with germline and somatic HRR testing for advanced disease and PSMA PET for staging (proPSMA) and recurrence. Digital-pathology AI (ArteraAI Prostate, 2025) and gene-expression classifiers (Decipher) refine who needs treatment and who benefits from adding hormone therapy.\n\nTreatment is built on androgen deprivation, the first targeted cancer therapy (Huggins, 1941). Metastatic hormone-sensitive disease is treated with doublets (ADT + abiraterone, enzalutamide, apalutamide or darolutamide) or triplets adding docetaxel (ARASENS, PEACE-1), and since 31 July 2026 with 177Lu-PSMA-617 added to ADT + ARPI (PSMAddition, rPFS HR 0.72). PTEN-deficient disease gained capivasertib + abiraterone in 2026. In castration-resistant disease the sequence includes ARPI switch, PARP inhibitors for HRR-mutant tumours (PROfound, PROpel, TALAPRO-2 with OS benefit), docetaxel and cabazitaxel, radium-223 for bone-only disease, and 177Lu-PSMA-617 before or after chemotherapy (VISION, PSMAfore). Enzalutamide is approved even for high-risk PSA-only recurrence (EMBARK).\n\nProstate cancer is the proving ground for theranostics: PSMA PET selects and PSMA radioligands treat. Competing 177Lu-PSMA-I&T products (SPLASH, ECLIPSE) have improved progression but not yet survival; alpha-emitting 225Ac-PSMA agents are in phase 3 (AlphaBreak, AcTION) and produce responses after lutetium failure. T-cell engagers against STEAP1 (xaluritamig, XALute) and KLK2 (pasritamig) are the first immunotherapies with real activity in a disease that ignores checkpoint inhibitors; EZH2 inhibition (mevrometostat, MEVPRO) aims to re-sensitise to hormonal therapy. The unsolved problems are neuroendocrine transformation, AR-V7-driven resistance (the N-terminal-domain inhibitor masofaniten failed), Ac-225 supply, and the over- versus under-diagnosis tension in screening.","asOf":"2026-09-06","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostate_cancer","links":[{"label":"Wikipedia","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostate_cancer"}],"tags":["gu","spike"],"related":["radiopharma-roadmap","psma-pet-to-rlt","beta-then-alpha","src-urotoday","lu-177","ac-225","ra-223"],"indications":[],"sections":[],"technologies":["psma-pet","radioligand-therapy","targeted-alpha-therapy"],"targets":["psma","parp","b7h3","dll3","steap1","klk2","grpr"],"drugs":["samarium-153-lexidronam"],"companies":["futurechem","novartis","bayer","pfizer","johnson-johnson","astrazeneca","lantheus","telix","curium"],"institutions":["royal-marsden","peter-mac","ucla-jonsson","johns-hopkins"],"pathways":["prostate-cancer-signalling"],"terms":["biochemical-recurrence","psa50","theranostics","oligometastatic","crossover"],"trials":["nct06855277","nct06780670","mcrpc","nct07311694","nct07615101","nct07649122","nct05381103","pop-rt","nct05939414","nct06520345","nct07052214","nct07611110","nct04557059","nct06235151","nct06754085"],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"group":"genitourinary","burden":"~1.5 million new cases per year worldwide; lifetime risk ~1 in 8 men in high-income countries; median age at diagnosis 67; most PSA-detected disease is indolent and safely watched. ~400,000 deaths per year worldwide, mostly from disease that was already metastatic at diagnosis.","subtypes":["Localised: low / favourable-intermediate / unfavourable-intermediate / high risk (NCCN)","Non-metastatic castration-resistant (nmCRPC)","Metastatic hormone-sensitive (mHSPC; FDA 2026 term 'androgen pathway modulation-naive or -sensitive'), de novo vs recurrent, high vs low volume (CHAARTED)","Metastatic castration-resistant (mCRPC)","HRR-mutant (~20-25% of mCRPC; BRCA2 most actionable)","PTEN-deficient (~25%)","PSMA-low / heterogeneous (~10%)","Treatment-emergent neuroendocrine prostate cancer (~15-20% of late mCRPC)","Ductal and intraductal / cribriform variants (aggressive)"],"biomarkers":["PSA","Gleason / Grade Group","PSMA PET","HRR genes (BRCA2, ATM, etc.)","PTEN","MSI","AR-V7 (research)","Decipher / ArteraAI","PSA, PSA density, PSA doubling time","Grade Group (Gleason) and cribriform/intraductal pattern","mpMRI PI-RADS score","PSMA PET (SUVmax, total tumour volume) for staging and radioligand eligibility","Germline and somatic HRR genes (BRCA2, BRCA1, ATM, PALB2, CDK12)","PTEN loss (IHC or NGS) for capivasertib","MSI/dMMR (~3%, pembrolizumab)","Decipher genomic classifier; ArteraAI digital pathology","AR-V7 (CTC) in research/limited use","Testosterone level (castration confirmation)","Neuroendocrine markers (chromogranin, synaptophysin, RB1/TP53 loss) on progression"],"standardOfCare":[{"setting":"Localised","approach":"Active surveillance, prostatectomy, or radiation ± ADT (duration guided by risk/ArteraAI).","refs":[],"guideline":{"version":"NCCN Guidelines: Prostate Cancer","url":"https://www.nccn.org/guidelines/guidelines-detail?category=1&id=1459"}},{"setting":"Metastatic hormone-sensitive","approach":"ADT + ARPI ± docetaxel; PSMA PET staging; capivasertib if PTEN-deficient.","refs":["psma-pet"],"guideline":{"version":"NCCN Guidelines: Prostate Cancer","url":"https://www.nccn.org/guidelines/guidelines-detail?category=1&id=1459"}},{"setting":"Castration-resistant","approach":"ARPI switch, PARP inhibitor combinations (HRR+), 177Lu-PSMA-617, docetaxel/cabazitaxel, radium-223.","refs":["pluvicto","olaparib","vision","psmafore"],"guideline":{"version":"NCCN Guidelines: Prostate Cancer","url":"https://www.nccn.org/guidelines/guidelines-detail?category=1&id=1459"}},{"setting":"Screening","approach":"Shared-decision PSA testing from 50 (45 if Black or family history/BRCA), risk-adapted intervals; MRI before biopsy; avoid biopsy if MRI negative and PSA density low.","refs":[]},{"setting":"Localised, low / favourable-intermediate risk","approach":"Active surveillance (PSA, MRI, repeat biopsy) for Grade Group 1 and many favourable GG2; genomic classifier or ArteraAI to refine.","refs":[]},{"setting":"Localised, unfavourable-intermediate / high risk","approach":"Radical prostatectomy (robotic) or radiotherapy (hypofractionated IMRT, SBRT, or brachytherapy boost) with 4-6 months (intermediate) to 18-36 months (high risk) of ADT; abiraterone added for very high risk (STAMPEDE); ArteraAI predicts ADT benefit.","refs":["stampede"]},{"setting":"Biochemical recurrence","approach":"PSMA PET to localise; salvage radiotherapy ± ADT after prostatectomy; metastasis-directed SBRT for oligorecurrence (investigational for survival); enzalutamide ± ADT for high-risk BCR (EMBARK).","refs":["psma-pet","biochemical-recurrence","embark","enzalutamide","idea-psma-pet-guided-mdt"]},{"setting":"Metastatic hormone-sensitive (mAPMN/S)","approach":"ADT (GnRH agonist/antagonist, e.g., relugolix) + ARPI (abiraterone, enzalutamide, apalutamide, or darolutamide); add docetaxel for high-volume de novo disease (ARASENS, PEACE-1); add 177Lu-PSMA-617 if PSMA-positive (PSMAddition, approved 31 Jul 2026); capivasertib + abiraterone if PTEN-deficient (2026); prostate RT for low-volume disease.","refs":["abiraterone","enzalutamide","docetaxel","pluvicto","psmaddition"]},{"setting":"Non-metastatic CRPC","approach":"Apalutamide, enzalutamide, or darolutamide (SPARTAN, PROSPER, ARAMIS); PSMA PET usually reclassifies as metastatic.","refs":["enzalutamide","psma-pet"]},{"setting":"Metastatic CRPC, first line","approach":"ARPI (if not used earlier); PARP inhibitor + ARPI for BRCA/HRR-mutant (olaparib-abiraterone, talazoparib-enzalutamide, niraparib-abiraterone); docetaxel; 177Lu-PSMA-617 after one ARPI before chemotherapy (PSMAfore); pembrolizumab if MSI-high.","refs":["olaparib","pluvicto","psmafore","docetaxel","pembrolizumab"]},{"setting":"Metastatic CRPC, later lines","approach":"177Lu-PSMA-617 post-taxane (VISION); cabazitaxel (CARD); radium-223 for bone-only symptomatic disease (with bone protection); 225Ac-PSMA, xaluritamig, pasritamig, mevrometostat in trials; platinum-etoposide for neuroendocrine transformation; tarlatamab/I-DXd trials for DLL3/B7-H3.","refs":["pluvicto","vision","cabazitaxel","radium-223","alsympca","ac225-psma","alphabreak"]}],"stateOfArt":["Theranostic pairing of PSMA PET and Pluvicto.","Genotype-directed doublets.","AI pathology guiding ADT duration.","Radioligand therapy across the metastatic continuum: 177Lu-PSMA-617 approved post-taxane (2022), pre-taxane (2025), and at first metastatic diagnosis with ARPI (31 July 2026).","Triplet therapy (ADT + ARPI + docetaxel) for high-volume de novo disease, with OS HR ~0.7 (ARASENS, PEACE-1).","Genotype-directed doublets: PARP inhibitor + ARPI for HRR-mutant (OS benefit in TALAPRO-2) and capivasertib + abiraterone for PTEN-deficient disease (2026).","Diagnostic pathway rebuilt around MRI-first biopsy and PSMA PET staging; active surveillance is default for low-risk disease.","AI pathology (ArteraAI Prostate) is FDA-authorised to predict who benefits from adding hormone therapy to radiation.","First immunotherapies with real activity: STEAP1 and KLK2 T-cell engagers in phase 3, after checkpoint inhibitors failed in unselected disease."],"history":[{"year":1941,"title":"Huggins: castration controls prostate cancer","refs":[]},{"year":1941,"title":"Huggins shows castration controls metastatic prostate cancer","note":"Nobel Prize 1966; the first hormonal therapy of any cancer.","refs":[]},{"year":1966,"title":"Gleason grading system published","refs":[]},{"year":1986,"title":"PSA test approved for monitoring; screening spreads in the 1990s","refs":[]},{"year":2004,"title":"Docetaxel: first chemotherapy to extend survival (TAX 327)","refs":["docetaxel"]},{"year":2011,"title":"Abiraterone approved","refs":[]},{"year":2011,"title":"Abiraterone approved; enzalutamide follows in 2012","note":"Proof that castration-resistant disease is still AR-driven.","refs":["abiraterone","enzalutamide"]},{"year":2013,"title":"Radium-223: first alpha emitter approved","refs":[]},{"year":2013,"title":"Radium-223: first alpha emitter approved (ALSYMPCA)","refs":["radium-223","alsympca"]},{"year":2015,"title":"CHAARTED and STAMPEDE: docetaxel at first metastatic diagnosis","refs":["chaarted","stampede"]},{"year":2016,"title":"ProtecT validates active surveillance","refs":[]},{"year":2017,"title":"LATITUDE and STAMPEDE: abiraterone in mHSPC","refs":["stampede"]},{"year":2018,"title":"PRECISION: MRI before biopsy","refs":[]},{"year":2020,"title":"PSMA PET approved; olaparib in HRR-mutant mCRPC","refs":["psma-pet","olaparib"]},{"year":2020,"title":"PSMA PET approved; PROfound approves olaparib for HRR-mutant mCRPC","refs":["ga68-psma-11","propsma","olaparib"]},{"year":2021,"title":"VISION: 177Lu-PSMA-617 improves survival; TheraP beats cabazitaxel on response","refs":["vision","therap"]},{"year":2022,"title":"Pluvicto approved","refs":["pluvicto","vision"]},{"year":2022,"title":"Pluvicto approved; ARASENS establishes triplet therapy","refs":["pluvicto"]},{"year":2023,"title":"PARP + ARPI combinations approved (TALAPRO-2, PROpel, MAGNITUDE); EMBARK for biochemical recurrence","refs":["embark"]},{"year":2024,"title":"SPLASH: second PSMA radioligand improves rPFS but not OS","refs":["splash","lu177-psma-it"]},{"year":2025,"title":"ArteraAI Prostate: first predictive AI pathology test","refs":[]},{"year":2025,"title":"Pluvicto pre-chemotherapy (PSMAfore); ArteraAI Prostate FDA-authorised; PSMAddition positive; ECLIPSE positive; masofaniten discontinued","refs":["psmafore","psmaddition","eclipse-psma"]},{"year":2026,"title":"Pluvicto approved in metastatic hormone-sensitive disease (31 July); capivasertib + abiraterone approved for PTEN-deficient disease","refs":["psmaddition","pluvicto"]}],"pipeline":["ac225-psma","aaa817","jnj-87189401","hrs-4357","fpi-2265","alphabreak","lu177-psma-it","eclipse-psma","idea-psma-pet-guided-mdt","idea-alpha-first-mhspc","grpr"],"openProblems":["Overdiagnosis vs. underdiagnosis in screening.","Neuroendocrine transformation.","Ac-225 supply.","Screening trade-off: PSA reduces mortality by ~20% but overdiagnoses; MRI-first and risk-adapted intervals are only partly adopted.","Neuroendocrine / lineage-plastic transformation in ~15-20% of late mCRPC has no targeted therapy; DLL3 and B7-H3 agents are being borrowed from SCLC.","AR-V7 and N-terminal-domain resistance: masofaniten failed; AR degraders remain preclinical/early.","Radioligand sequencing and resistance: 10% PSMA-negative disease, heterogeneity, and no proven therapy after 177Lu failure outside trials; Ac-225 supply is the constraint.","Overall survival has been hard to show for PSMA radioligands beyond VISION (SPLASH, PSMAfore, TheraP confounded by crossover).","Immunotherapy: checkpoint inhibitors fail in unselected disease; engagers bring cytokine release and need outpatient models.","Equity: Black men have ~70% higher incidence and double the mortality yet are under-enrolled in trials; earlier, risk-adapted screening is the lever.","Bone health, cardiovascular risk, and cognitive effects of long-term ADT in men living a decade or more."],"prognosis":{"text":"In the United States, 98.2% of men diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2016-2022 were alive five years later, relative to men of the same age without the disease. For the 69% found while confined to the prostate and the 14% with regional spread, five-year relative survival is 100%; for the 9% found with distant spread it is 40.1%. Most prostate cancers grow slowly, and for many men the question is whether treatment is needed at all rather than whether it will work.","sources":[{"label":"SEER Cancer Stat Facts: Prostate Cancer","url":"https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/prost.html"}]}},"route":"/indications/prostate/","neighbours":{"roadmap":[{"id":"psma-theranostics-roadmap","kind":"roadmap","name":"PSMA theranostics roadmap: antigen discovery → PSMA PET → 177Lu-PSMA-617 → earlier lines and alpha","route":"/roadmaps/psma-theranostics-roadmap/"},{"id":"radiopharma-roadmap","kind":"roadmap","name":"Radiopharmaceutical roadmap: iodine → lutetium → actinium","route":"/roadmaps/radiopharma-roadmap/"}],"pairing":[{"id":"beta-then-alpha","kind":"pairing","name":"Beta radioligand → alpha radioligand","route":"/pairings/beta-then-alpha/"},{"id":"psma-pet-to-rlt","kind":"pairing","name":"PSMA PET → PSMA radioligand therapy","route":"/pairings/psma-pet-to-rlt/"}],"collection":[{"id":"prostate-cancer-foundation","kind":"collection","name":"Prostate Cancer Foundation (PCF)","route":"/collections/prostate-cancer-foundation/"},{"id":"src-urotoday","kind":"collection","name":"UroToday","route":"/collections/src-urotoday/"}],"isotope":[{"id":"ac-225","kind":"isotope","name":"Actinium-225","route":"/isotopes/ac-225/"},{"id":"c-11","kind":"isotope","name":"Carbon-11","route":"/isotopes/c-11/"},{"id":"lu-177","kind":"isotope","name":"Lutetium-177","route":"/isotopes/lu-177/"},{"id":"ra-223","kind":"isotope","name":"Radium-223","route":"/isotopes/ra-223/"},{"id":"sm-153","kind":"isotope","name":"Samarium-153","route":"/isotopes/sm-153/"},{"id":"sr-89","kind":"isotope","name":"Strontium-89","route":"/isotopes/sr-89/"}],"technology":[{"id":"actinium-225-supply","kind":"technology","name":"Actinium-225 supply: thorium stocks, accelerators and radium targets","route":"/technologies/actinium-225-supply/"},{"id":"astatine-211-alpha-therapy","kind":"technology","name":"Astatine-211 alpha therapy","route":"/technologies/astatine-211-alpha-therapy/"},{"id":"gamma-probes-dose-calibrators","kind":"technology","name":"Gamma probes, handheld gamma cameras and dose calibrators","route":"/technologies/gamma-probes-dose-calibrators/"},{"id":"ldr-seed-brachytherapy","kind":"technology","name":"Low-dose-rate seed brachytherapy","route":"/technologies/ldr-seed-brachytherapy/"},{"id":"lu177-radioligand-therapy","kind":"technology","name":"Lutetium-177 radioligand therapy","route":"/technologies/lu177-radioligand-therapy/"},{"id":"psma-pet","kind":"technology","name":"PSMA PET","route":"/technologies/psma-pet/"},{"id":"quantitative-imaging-biomarkers","kind":"technology","name":"Quantitative imaging biomarkers (RECIST, PERCIST, SUV, ADC)","route":"/technologies/quantitative-imaging-biomarkers/"},{"id":"radionuclide-parp-combination","kind":"technology","name":"Radioligand plus DNA-repair inhibitor combinations","route":"/technologies/radionuclide-parp-combination/"},{"id":"radioligand-therapy","kind":"technology","name":"Radioligand therapy (beta emitters)","route":"/technologies/radioligand-therapy/"},{"id":"radiopharmaceutical-gmp-release","kind":"technology","name":"Radiopharmaceutical GMP and releasing a drug that decays","route":"/technologies/radiopharmaceutical-gmp-release/"},{"id":"research-reactor-isotope-production","kind":"technology","name":"Research reactors for medical isotopes (Mo-99, Lu-177, I-131)","route":"/technologies/research-reactor-isotope-production/"},{"id":"spect-ct","kind":"technology","name":"SPECT/CT","route":"/technologies/spect-ct/"},{"id":"targeted-alpha-therapy","kind":"technology","name":"Targeted alpha therapy","route":"/technologies/targeted-alpha-therapy/"}],"target":[{"id":"b7h3","kind":"target","name":"B7-H3","route":"/targets/b7h3/"},{"id":"dll3","kind":"target","name":"DLL3","route":"/targets/dll3/"},{"id":"grpr","kind":"target","name":"GRPR (gastrin-releasing peptide receptor)","route":"/targets/grpr/"},{"id":"klk2","kind":"target","name":"KLK2 (kallikrein-2)","route":"/targets/klk2/"},{"id":"parp","kind":"target","name":"PARP","route":"/targets/parp/"},{"id":"psma","kind":"target","name":"PSMA","route":"/targets/psma/"},{"id":"steap1","kind":"target","name":"STEAP1","route":"/targets/steap1/"},{"id":"upar","kind":"target","name":"uPAR (urokinase plasminogen activator receptor)","route":"/targets/upar/"}],"drug":[{"id":"lu177-psma-it","kind":"drug","name":"177Lu-PSMA-I&T","route":"/drugs/lu177-psma-it/"},{"id":"aaa817","kind":"drug","name":"AAA817","route":"/drugs/aaa817/"},{"id":"abiraterone","kind":"drug","name":"Abiraterone acetate","route":"/drugs/abiraterone/"},{"id":"ac225-psma","kind":"drug","name":"Actinium-225 PSMA agents","route":"/drugs/ac225-psma/"},{"id":"cabazitaxel","kind":"drug","name":"Cabazitaxel","route":"/drugs/cabazitaxel/"},{"id":"choline-c11","kind":"drug","name":"Choline C-11","route":"/drugs/choline-c11/"},{"id":"docetaxel","kind":"drug","name":"Docetaxel","route":"/drugs/docetaxel/"},{"id":"enzalutamide","kind":"drug","name":"Enzalutamide","route":"/drugs/enzalutamide/"},{"id":"florastamin-f18","kind":"drug","name":"Florastamin F-18","route":"/drugs/florastamin-f18/"},{"id":"flotufolastat","kind":"drug","name":"Flotufolastat F-18","route":"/drugs/flotufolastat/"},{"id":"fluciclovine-f18","kind":"drug","name":"Fluciclovine F-18","route":"/drugs/fluciclovine-f18/"},{"id":"fpi-2265","kind":"drug","name":"FPI-2265","route":"/drugs/fpi-2265/"},{"id":"ga68-psma-11","kind":"drug","name":"Gallium-68 gozetotide (PSMA-11)","route":"/drugs/ga68-psma-11/"},{"id":"hrs-4357","kind":"drug","name":"HRS-4357","route":"/drugs/hrs-4357/"},{"id":"illuccix","kind":"drug","name":"Illuccix (kit for Ga-68 gozetotide)","route":"/drugs/illuccix/"},{"id":"i-125-seeds","kind":"drug","name":"Iodine-125 brachytherapy seeds","route":"/drugs/i-125-seeds/"},{"id":"jnj-87189401","kind":"drug","name":"JNJ-87189401","route":"/drugs/jnj-87189401/"},{"id":"locametz","kind":"drug","name":"Locametz (kit for Ga-68 gozetotide)","route":"/drugs/locametz/"},{"id":"pluvicto","kind":"drug","name":"Lutetium-177 vipivotide tetraxetan","route":"/drugs/pluvicto/"},{"id":"olaparib","kind":"drug","name":"Olaparib","route":"/drugs/olaparib/"},{"id":"pembrolizumab","kind":"drug","name":"Pembrolizumab","route":"/drugs/pembrolizumab/"},{"id":"pylarify","kind":"drug","name":"Piflufolastat F-18 / Pylarify TruVu","route":"/drugs/pylarify/"},{"id":"psma-1007-f18","kind":"drug","name":"PSMA-1007 F-18","route":"/drugs/psma-1007-f18/"},{"id":"radium-223","kind":"drug","name":"Radium-223 dichloride","route":"/drugs/radium-223/"},{"id":"samarium-153-lexidronam","kind":"drug","name":"Samarium-153 lexidronam","route":"/drugs/samarium-153-lexidronam/"},{"id":"f-18-naf","kind":"drug","name":"Sodium fluoride F-18","route":"/drugs/f-18-naf/"},{"id":"tc-99m-mdp","kind":"drug","name":"Technetium Tc-99m medronate (MDP)","route":"/drugs/tc-99m-mdp/"},{"id":"tc-99m-psma-imaging","kind":"drug","name":"Technetium Tc-99m PSMA agents (PSMA-I&S)","route":"/drugs/tc-99m-psma-imaging/"}],"company":[{"id":"abx-advanced-biochemical-compounds","kind":"company","name":"ABX advanced biochemical compounds","route":"/companies/abx-advanced-biochemical-compounds/"},{"id":"actinium-pharmaceuticals","kind":"company","name":"Actinium Pharmaceuticals","route":"/companies/actinium-pharmaceuticals/"},{"id":"advanced-accelerator-applications","kind":"company","name":"Advanced Accelerator Applications (Novartis)","route":"/companies/advanced-accelerator-applications/"},{"id":"aktis-oncology","kind":"company","name":"Aktis Oncology","route":"/companies/aktis-oncology/"},{"id":"alpha-tau-medical","kind":"company","name":"Alpha Tau Medical","route":"/companies/alpha-tau-medical/"},{"id":"artbio","kind":"company","name":"ARTBIO","route":"/companies/artbio/"},{"id":"astrazeneca","kind":"company","name":"AstraZeneca","route":"/companies/astrazeneca/"},{"id":"bayer","kind":"company","name":"Bayer","route":"/companies/bayer/"},{"id":"blue-earth-diagnostics","kind":"company","name":"Blue Earth Diagnostics (Bracco)","route":"/companies/blue-earth-diagnostics/"},{"id":"bracco","kind":"company","name":"Bracco Imaging","route":"/companies/bracco/"},{"id":"clarity-pharmaceuticals","kind":"company","name":"Clarity Pharmaceuticals","route":"/companies/clarity-pharmaceuticals/"},{"id":"convergent-therapeutics","kind":"company","name":"Convergent Therapeutics","route":"/companies/convergent-therapeutics/"},{"id":"curium","kind":"company","name":"Curium","route":"/companies/curium/"},{"id":"futurechem","kind":"company","name":"FutureChem","route":"/companies/futurechem/"},{"id":"johnson-johnson","kind":"company","name":"Johnson & Johnson","route":"/companies/johnson-johnson/"},{"id":"lantheus","kind":"company","name":"Lantheus","route":"/companies/lantheus/"},{"id":"novartis","kind":"company","name":"Novartis","route":"/companies/novartis/"},{"id":"pfizer","kind":"company","name":"Pfizer (incl. Seagen)","route":"/companies/pfizer/"},{"id":"point-biopharma","kind":"company","name":"POINT Biopharma","route":"/companies/point-biopharma/"},{"id":"radiopharm-theranostics","kind":"company","name":"Radiopharm Theranostics","route":"/companies/radiopharm-theranostics/"},{"id":"telix","kind":"company","name":"Telix Pharmaceuticals","route":"/companies/telix/"}],"institution":[{"id":"aiims-delhi","kind":"institution","name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi","route":"/institutions/aiims-delhi/"},{"id":"anzup","kind":"institution","name":"ANZUP Cancer Trials Group","route":"/institutions/anzup/"},{"id":"pla-general-hospital","kind":"institution","name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","route":"/institutions/pla-general-hospital/"},{"id":"erasmus-mc","kind":"institution","name":"Erasmus MC Cancer Institute","route":"/institutions/erasmus-mc/"},{"id":"inselspital-bern","kind":"institution","name":"Inselspital, Bern University Hospital / University Cancer Center 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